Difference between revisions of "Akachenti"
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
− | |+ | + | |+ Vowels |
− | ! || colspan=" | + | ! || colspan="3"|Front || colspan="3"|Back || colspan="2"|Diphthongs |
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− | | || '''short''' || '''long''' || ''' | + | | || '''short''' || '''long''' || '''diphthong''' || '''short''' || '''long''' || '''dipthong''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |'''close''' || i || i: || u || u: | + | |'''close''' || i || i: || iɪ - ij || u || u: || ui |
|- | |- | ||
− | |'''mid''' || e || e: || o || o: | + | |'''mid''' || e || e: || ie || o || o: || ue |
|- | |- | ||
− | |'''open''' || || || a || a: | + | |'''open''' || || || ia || a || a: || ua |
|- | |- | ||
|'''phonemic diphthong || colspan="6"|aɛ - aɪ | |'''phonemic diphthong || colspan="6"|aɛ - aɪ |
Revision as of 12:34, 2 May 2017
Akachenti is the most commonly spoken major dialect of the Kachan language, spoken by the Ogunn people. It is an incorporating fusional polysynthetic language with fluid-S active morphosyntactic alignment and relatively free word order with default OVS.
Contents
Phonology
Vowels
The phonemic vowel inventory contrasts three vowel heights and length.
Front | Back | Diphthongs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | diphthong | short | long | dipthong | |||
close | i | i: | iɪ - ij | u | u: | ui | ||
mid | e | e: | ie | o | o: | ue | ||
open | ia | a | a: | ua | ||||
phonemic diphthong | aɛ - aɪ |
Long vowels are pronounced with a low tone. The first diphthong is the only one treated as a phonemic vowel in Akachenti's orthography and is romanized as ae.
The close diphthongs in the top row are typically falling diphthongs, with the first vowel more prominent. The remaining four diphthongs are typically rising, with e and a being prominent.
Consonants
front | back | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | |
close |
front | back | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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short | long | short | long | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
close |
VerbsThe CopulaThus far, we posit Pre-Modern Akachenti copular forms of se:, "to be", and the nominalized sen, "what (one) is". The fact that the copula almost always takes alternate vowel forms rather than glottalic tone indicates an underlying long vowel affecting neighboring syllables despite being mutable, pronounced with a mid-tone and short.
Affixation and DerivationCompounding and IncorporationAkachenti is an incorporating language and frequently creates compound nouns, compound adjective-nouns, compound serial verbs, and incorporated compound noun-verbs. Rules of Compounding
Inflectional AffixesInflectional affixes appear to all be postpositions, in keeping with an OVS language and verbs tending to fuse at the end of a word. Unlike evening constructions, inflectional affixes have fused sufficiently that they no longer attract glottalic tone to their first and last syllables. Inflectional affixes serve as a compounded extension of the root. The Verb BaseThere are two primary verb bases, demonstrated below.
Constructions |