Difference between revisions of "Akachenti"

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Akachenti is the most commonly spoken major dialect of the [[Kachan (Language)|Kachan]] language, spoken by the [[Ogunn]] people. It is an incorporating fusional polysynthetic language with fluid-S active morphosyntactic alignment and relatively free word order with default OVS.
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Akachenti is the most commonly spoken major dialect of the [[:Category:Language: Akachenti|Kachan]] language, spoken by the [[Ogunn]] people. It is an incorporating fusional polysynthetic language with fluid-S active morphosyntactic alignment and relatively free word order with default OVS.
  
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== Phonology ==
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== Other Links ==
  
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=== Vowels ===
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* [http://cals.conlang.org/language/kachan/ Akachenti on CALS]
  
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=== Consonants ===
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{{:Akachenti Phonology}}
  
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== Verbs ==
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{{:Akachenti Prosody}}
  
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=== The Copula ===
 
  
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Thus far, we posit Pre-Modern Akachenti copular forms of ''se:'', "to be", and the nominalized ''sen'', "what (one) is".
 
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{| class="wikitable sortable"
 
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|+ |Synchronic Examples
 
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!lexeme || sample || definition || translation || alignment
 
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|se: || hese: || how are (you)? || how be? || denuded
 
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|se: || ise: ganche || it is beautiful || it's beautiful || i-agentive
 
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|se || ise ganchá || it is, (it) does beauty (to) me.<small>PAT</small> || it's beautiful to me || á-patientive
 
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|se || isikachan evagonchan || it is, Kachan, my home voice || Kachan is the language I speak at home || e-patientive
 
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|se || igonar isiganchanta || it, my home, it is beautiful || my home is beautiful || i-agentive
 
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|se || sa gudá || I am an experiencer of home-want || I'm a shut-in OR I don't get out much || á-patientive
 
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|se || usa iba:sh || (with) you, I am that, a lover || with you, I am a lover || i-patientive
 
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|se || huede esef (huede esev) || and that is (going to be)? || and that is too? || e-patientive
 
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|sen || isen ís || it.<small>AGT</small>, what (it) is, (it) is that.<small>PAT</small> || it is what it is || í-patientive
 
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|sen || hesen || what is (it)? || what is it? || denuded
 
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|}
 
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== Affixation and Derivation ==
 
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=== Inflectional Affixes ===
 
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Inflectional affixes appear to all be postpositions, in keeping with an OVS language and verbs tending to fuse at the end of a word. Unlike evening constructions, inflectional affixes have fused sufficiently that they no longer attract glottalic tone to their first and last syllables. Inflectional affixes serve as a compounded extension of the root.
 
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==== The Verb Base ====
 
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There are two primary verb bases, demonstrated below.
 
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{| class="wikitable sortable"
 
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|+ |Synchronic Examples
 
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!unmarked || + agentive affix || optative || + agentive affix
 
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|baga: || baga:v(a) || baga:sha || ∅
 
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|ashi || ashik(a) || ashiv(a) || ∅
 
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|}
 
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=== Constructions ===
 
  
 
[[Category:Kingdoms and Thorn]]
 
[[Category:Kingdoms and Thorn]]
 
[[Category:Language]]
 
[[Category:Language]]

Latest revision as of 12:02, 1 August 2017

Akachenti is the most commonly spoken major dialect of the Kachan language, spoken by the Ogunn people. It is an incorporating fusional polysynthetic language with fluid-S active morphosyntactic alignment and relatively free word order with default OVS.

Other Links

Phonology

Orthography

The phonemic inventory of Pre-Modern Akachenti was somewhat captured at the adoption of the Tongchan writing system, a series of glyphs for the perceived phonemes of the language. In particular, the current ae diphthong was considered a vowel, length was distinguished for five of the six vowels, and several current consonantal phonemes were and are considered consonant clusters.

  • Vowels: a, a:, o, o:, u, u:, ae, e, e:, i, i:
  • Consonant "Clusters": nl, hl, tl, dl, ngl, khl, kl, gl

The above are all clicks with pre-glottalized allophones in glottalic tone syllables.

Vowels

The phonemic vowel inventory contrasts five qualities, three heights, and length.

Vowels
Short Vowels Long Vowels
front central back front central back
close i u i: u:
mid e o e: o:
open a a:
PHONEMIC DIPHTHONG aɛ - aɪ

Long vowels are pronounced with a low tone. The phonemic diphthong in the bottom row is the only one treated as a phonemic vowel in Akachenti's orthography and is romanized as ae. Other diphthongs are treated orthographically as vowel clusters.

Diphthongs
Front~Central Back
unrounded rounded rounded
close iɪ - ij ui
mid ie ue
open ia ua

The close diphthongs in the top row are typically falling diphthongs, with the first vowel more prominent, though iɪ can realize as rising "diphthong" jɪ. The remaining four diphthongs are typically rising, with e and a being prominent.

Consonants

Akachenti has 25 consonants.

Phonemic Consonants
Labial Alveolar Post-Alveolar Velar Glottal
Pulmonic Click Pulmonic Click
Resonant m n ᵑǃ ɾ~ɹ ᵑǁ ŋ
Stop Fortis b~p t ǃ ǁ k ʔ
Lenis d ǃs ᶢǁ g
Affricate Fortis ǃx tʃ ǁx
Lenis dʒ
Fricative v~f s ʃ x ɦ (ç)

Romanization

Consonant Romanization
resonants IPA m n ᵑǃ ɾ~ɹ ᵑǁ ŋ
letter m n nl r ngl ng
fortis stops IPA b~p t ǃ ǁ k ʔ
letter b t tl kl k '
lenis stops IPA d ǃs ᶢǁ g
letter d l gl g
affricates IPA ǃx dʒ tʃ ǁx
letter hl j ch khl
fricatives IPA v~f s ʃ ɦ~ç x
letter v s sh h kh

Clusters

Consonant Clusters
n ŋ ɹ ɦ x d
nonlabial click/stop/affr. n(C) ŋ(C) ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅
labial (m, b, v) + g ∅ ∅ (C)ɹ ∅ ∅ ∅
v ∅ ∅ (C)ɹ (C)ɦ (C)x ∅
ʃ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ (C)d

Regional dialect variations may allow sɹ, ʃɹ, dɹ, or ɹɦ and ɹx, but this is disfavored in most Akachenti dialect regions.

Prosody

Register

Tone goes hand in hand with variations in quality, duration, and phonation of affected syllables.

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