Akachenti Constructions

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Summary

Akachenti calls their own affixation system "constructions", with fully inflected verbs generally called "constructed" verbs.

  1. Prefixes: morning constructions
  2. Suffixes: evening constructions
  3. Circumfixes/Discontinuous Affixes: morning and evening constructions or day constructions

This is separate from actual inflection, which is the modification of vowel person markers and sometimes verb stem.

This is also separate from derivation where a newly constructed word is treated as a single, totally new root. The line between derivation and construction is more blurred than the line between inflection and construction, as derived words are often not able to take further constructions or affixes.

Constructions

Auxiliary Verb Constructions

Auxiliary Verb Prefixes
root word IPA meaning word class
da da- da 1. FUT. IMPERS. will;
2. SUBJUNCT. should
TAM prefix
Auxiliary Verb Suffixes
root word IPA meaning word class
da -da(k)(V) da to want aux. verb
Independent Auxiliary Verbs
root word IPA meaning word class
da dak(V) dak to want aux. verb

Auxiliary verbs in Akachenti don't stand alone. When used independently, as a rule, there is an implied rest of the sentence. Eventually, this will actually become a full independent verb, but in Modern Akachenti, there are rather firm constraints on inflection due to the dependent nature of the verbs as auxiliaries.

Derivational Affixes

Derivational Verb Suffixes
root word IPA meaning word class
su -ste ste to cause or induce

Classifiers

Classifier Prefixes
root word IPA meaning word class
ki ki- ki again, twice, too preverb
su su- su 1. a closed set of people or things;
2. these
prenoun
Classifier Suffixes
root word IPA meaning word class
ki -ko ko pair, couple bound demonstrative
su -sut sut 1. a closed set of people or things;
2. these
bound demonstrative
Independent Classifiers & Demonstratives
root word IPA meaning word class
su suta sut 1. a closed set of people or things;
2. these
demonstrative

Constructions, Part II

construction stem description construction stem description
da stative verb locative prefix, suffix: "to want" di adjective, noun classifier associative plural suffix
sa stative verb copular prefix, free: "to be (copula)" ehi adjective, noun classifier negative copula, "incorrect"
bo active verb agentive prefix, free: "to do, to act" ri adjective, noun classifier negative prefix, "to not do/be"
ga stative verb modal suffix, "to ought to (do)" vi adjective, noun classifier nonpresent TAM prefix, "elsewhen"