Akachenti Verbs - Revision history

Lianamir: /* Verb Classes */

2017-09-05T19:50:42Z

‎Verb Classes

Lianamir: /* Verb Stem Paradigms */

2017-08-09T18:11:00Z

‎Verb Stem Paradigms

Lianamir at 18:06, 9 August 2017

2017-08-09T18:06:36Z

Lianamir: /* Verb Classes */

2017-08-08T20:01:57Z

‎Verb Classes

Lianamir at 19:39, 8 August 2017

2017-08-08T19:39:14Z

Lianamir: /* The Copula */

2017-08-08T19:38:25Z

‎The Copula

Lianamir: /* Verbs, Round 2 */

2017-08-08T19:21:07Z

‎Verbs, Round 2

Lianamir: /* Verbs, Round 2 */

2017-08-07T21:31:29Z

‎Verbs, Round 2

Lianamir: /* Verbs, Round 2 */

2017-08-07T21:30:14Z

‎Verbs, Round 2

Lianamir: /* Verbs, Round 2 */

2017-08-07T17:13:57Z

‎Verbs, Round 2

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 == Verb Classes ==
 Potential verb classes:
@@ Line 13: / Line 15: @@
 ## Ditransitive Recipient, e.g. "I give them that"
 ## Ditransitive Benefactive/Comitative, e.g. "She is beautiful to me"
 == The Verbal Template ==

@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 | present persistent,<br>present inchoative
 | root + sh(V)
-| <small>I do now;<br>I do (and will continue to do)</small>
+| <small>I do (now), I'm doing that;<br>I do (and will continue to do)</small>
 |-
 | past discontinuous

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:06, 9 August 2017
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	=== Slot 9. Pronominal Suffix ===		=== Slot 9. Pronominal Suffix ===
		+
		+	== Tense-Aspect-Mood ==
		+
		+	=== Simple Present ===
		+
		+	Simple present is an interesting beast, as both the present continuative/perfect and the present persistent can be used as a simple present. They both mean something that is currently now true, and thus fall under a factual/indicative usage. The difficulty is that the first only refers to things that predate "now" and the latter only refers to things started now. Nevertheless, while the persistent does imply strongly that the action or state is expected to continue, it can be used in cases where the continuation is irrelevant or unknown, so the present continuative is more likely to be used as a simple present, but present persistent is more like a simple present.
		+
		+	=== Verb Stem Paradigms ===
		+
		+	{\| class="wikitable"
		+	\|+ Verb Stem Paradigm I
		+	! style="text-align:center;"\|TAM \|\| style="text-align:center;"\|verb stem \|\| style="text-align:center;"\|description
		+	\|-
		+	\| present continuative,<br>present perfect,<br>simple past,<br>gnomic
		+	\| unmarked root
		+	\| <small>I do that, I still do that;<br>I've done that, I did that (and haven't undone it)</small>
		+	\|-
		+	\| present persistent,<br>present inchoative
		+	\| root + sh(V)
		+	\| <small>I do now;<br>I do (and will continue to do)</small>
		+	\|-
		+	\| past discontinuous
		+	\| vi + root
		+	\| <small>I did that (but now don't);<br>I did that (and have undone it)</small>
		+	\|-
		+	\| subjunctive,<br>future indicative,<br>narrative
		+	\| vi + root + sh(V)
		+	\| <small>I may do that;<br>I'll do that</small>
		+	\|}

	[[Category:Language: Akachenti]]		[[Category:Language: Akachenti]]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 Potential verb classes:
-# Transitive, e.g. "I eat food"
+# Monovalent (1 argument)
-# Intransitive, e.g. "I eat"
+## Intransitive, e.g. "I eat"
-# Causative, e.g. "I want (to eat)"
+## Indirect, e.g. "I (have) want"
-# Indirect, e.g. "I (have) want"
+## Stative/Adjectival, e.g. "She is beautiful"
-# Ditransitive, e.g. "I give them that"
+# Divalent (2 arguments)
-# Stative/Adjectival, e.g. "She is beautiful"
+## Transitive, e.g. "I eat food"
 == The Verbal Template ==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Verbs, Round 2 ==
+== Verb Classes ==
 Potential verb classes:
@@ Line 12: / Line 10: @@
 # Stative/Adjectival, e.g. "She is beautiful"
-=== The Verbal Template ===
+== The Verbal Template ==
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
@@ Line 60: / Line 58: @@
 === Slot 9. Pronominal Suffix ===
-== Verbs, Round 1 ==
+[[Category:Language: Akachenti]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:38, 8 August 2017
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	The modern patientive-oblique is marked by a raised mid-tone vowel. This may be an actual alternation fallback or a reduced form of an original dative affix. In its marking of relative clauses, there is evidence it may have also reduced from a genitive affix.		The modern patientive-oblique is marked by a raised mid-tone vowel. This may be an actual alternation fallback or a reduced form of an original dative affix. In its marking of relative clauses, there is evidence it may have also reduced from a genitive affix.
−
−	~~=== The Copula ===~~
−
−	Thus far, we posit Pre-Modern Akachenti copular forms of ''se:'', "to be", and the nominalized ''sen'', "what (one) is". The fact that the copula almost always takes alternate vowel forms rather than glottalic tone indicates an underlying long vowel affecting neighboring syllables despite being mutable, pronounced with a mid-tone and short.
−
−	~~{\| class="wikitable"~~
−	~~\|+ \|Diachronic Reconstruction~~
−	~~!lexeme \|\| gloss \|\| part of speech~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se: \|\| to be \|\| verb~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se:n \|\| what (one) is \|\| nominalized verb~~
−	\|}
−
−	~~{\| class="wikitable sortable"~~
−	~~\|+ \|Synchronic Examples~~
−	~~!lexeme \|\| sample \|\| definition \|\| translation \|\| alignment~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se: \|\| hese: \|\| how are (you)? \|\| how be? \|\| denuded~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se: \|\| ise: ganche \|\| it is beautiful \|\| it's beautiful \|\| i-agentive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se \|\| ise ganchá \|\| it, I am (experiencing), (it) does beauty (to) me.<small>PAT</small> \|\| it's beautiful to me \|\| e-patientive, á-patientive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se \|\| isikachan evagonchan \|\| it is, Kachan, my home voice \|\| Kachan is the language I speak at home \|\| e-patientive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se \|\| igonar isiganchanta \|\| it, my home, it is beautiful \|\| my home is beautiful \|\| i-agentive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se \|\| sa gudá \|\| I am an experiencer of home-want \|\| I'm a shut-in OR I don't get out much \|\| á-patientive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se \|\| usa iba:sh \|\| (with) you, I am that, a lover \|\| with you, I am a lover \|\| i-patientive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|se \|\| huede esef (huede esev) \|\| and that is (going to be)? \|\| and that is too? \|\| e-patientive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|sen \|\| isen ís \|\| it.<small>AGT</small>, what (it) is, (it) is that.<small>PAT</small> \|\| it is what it is \|\| í-patientive~~
−	\|-
−	~~\|sen \|\| hesen \|\| what is (it)? \|\| what is it? \|\| denuded~~
−	\|}
−
−
−	~~[[Category:Language: Akachenti]]~~

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:21, 8 August 2017
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	== Verbs, Round 2 ==		== Verbs, Round 2 ==
		+
		+	=== Verb Classes ===
		+
		+	Potential verb classes:
		+
		+	# Transitive, e.g. "I eat food"
		+	# Intransitive, e.g. "I eat"
		+	# Causative, e.g. "I want (to eat)"
		+	# Indirect, e.g. "I (have) want"
		+	# Ditransitive, e.g. "I give them that"
		+	# Stative/Adjectival, e.g. "She is beautiful"

	=== The Verbal Template ===		=== The Verbal Template ===

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 |}
-==== Question/Topic ====
+=== Slot 1. Question/Topic ===
-==== Verbal Prefix ====
+=== Slot 2. Verbal Prefix ===
-==== Verbal Negation ====
+=== Slot 3. Verbal Negation ===
-==== Pronominal Prefix ====
+=== Slot 4. Pronominal Prefix ===
-==== Incorporated Stem ====
+=== Slot 5. Incorporated Stem ===
-==== Verb Stem ====
+=== Slot 6. Verb Stem ===
-==== Pronominal Infix ====
+=== Slot 7. Pronominal Infix ===
-==== Verbal Suffix ====
+=== Slot 8. Verbal Suffix ===
-==== Pronominal Suffix ====
+=== Slot 9. Pronominal Suffix ===
 == Verbs, Round 1 ==

@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 | recipient/patient/agent<br>''<small>(if separate from topic)</small>''
 |}
 == Verbs, Round 1 ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:13, 7 August 2017
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	== Verbs, Round 2 ==		== Verbs, Round 2 ==
		+
		+	=== The Verbal Template ===
		+
		+	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
		+	\|+ Slots
		+	! 1<br><small>(req.)</small>
		+	! 2<br><small>(opt.)</small>
		+	! 3<br><small>(opt.)</small>
		+	! 4<br><small>(usu req.)</small>
		+	! 5<br><small>(opt.)</small>
		+	! 6<br><small>(req.)</small>
		+	! 7<br><small>(opt.)</small>
		+	! 8<br><small>(opt.)</small>
		+	! 9<br><small>(usu req.)</small>
		+	\|- style="text-align:left;"
		+	\|
		+	# question particle
		+	# topic
		+	\|
		+	# light verb
		+	# auxiliary verb
		+	# modal/numeral prefix
		+	\| negation of verb
		+	\| recipient/patient/agent<br>''<small>(if separate from topic)</small>''
		+	\| incorporated noun/adj./verb
		+	\| verb stem
		+	\| recipient/patient/agent<br>''<small>(in trivalent expressions)</small>''
		+	\| verb suffix
		+	\| recipient/patient/agent<br>''<small>(if separate from topic)</small>''
		+	\|}

	== Verbs, Round 1 ==		== Verbs, Round 1 ==